Erik Billings, Eric Sanders-Buell, Meera Bose, Gustavo H. Kijak, Andrea Bradfield, Jacqueline Crossler, Miguel A. Arroyo, Leonard Maboko, Oliver Hoffmann, Steffen Geis, Deborah L. Birx, Jerome H. Kim, Nelson L. Michael, Merlin L. Robb, Michael Hoelscher, and Sodsai Tovanabutra
In preparation for vaccine trials, HIV-1 genetic diversity was surveyed between 2002 and 2006 through the Cohort Development study in the form of a retrospective and prospective observational study in and around the town of Mbeya in Tanzania's Southwest Highlands. This study describes the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 strains obtained from 97 out of 106 incident HIV-1 infections identified in three subpopulations of participants (one rural, two urban) from the Mbeya area. Near full-genome or half-genome sequencing showed a subtype distribution of 40% C, 17% A1, 1% D, and 42% inter-subtype recombinants. Compared to viral subtyping results previously obtained from the retrospective phase of this study, the overall proportion of incident viral strains did not change greatly during the study course, suggesting maturity of the epidemic. A comparison to a current Phase I-II vaccine being tested in Africa shows ∼17% amino acid sequence difference between the gp120 of the vaccine and subtype C incident strains. Phylogenetic and recombinant breakpoint analysis of the incident........
Published at: 2017-04-01
Inge Kroidl ,Petra Clowes ,Wolfram Mwalongo,Lucas Maganga,Leonard Maboko,Arne L. Kroidl,Christof Geldmacher,Harun Machibya,Michael Hoelscher,Elmar Saathoff
To evaluate the diagnostic performance of two rapid detection tests (RDTs) for HIV 1/2 in plasma and in whole blood samples. Methods More than 15,000 study subjects above the age of two years participated in two rounds of a cohort study to determine the prevalence of HIV. HIV testing was performed using the Determine HIV 1/2 test (Abbott) in the first (2006/2007) and the HIV 1/2 STAT-PAK Dipstick .......
Published at: 2012-06-29
Karl-Heinz Herbinger, Martina Gerhardt, Sucheep Piyasirisilp, Doreen Mloka, Miguel A. Arroyo, Oliver Hoffmann, Leonard Maboko, Deborah L. Birx, Donan Mmbando, Francine E. Mccutchan, and Michael Hoelscher
HIV-1 diversity, frequency of recombinants, and dual infection were determined in two populations with different HIV risk behavior. A high-risk cohort of 600 female bar workers and a normal-risk population of 1108 antenatal clinic attendees and blood donors were recruited. Behavioral data were assessed and blood for HIV- 1 diagnosis and genotyping was sampled. HIV-1 subtypes were defined through the multiregion hybridization assay (MHAacd). HIV-1 prevalence differed significantly among the two populations. The prevalence was 67.8% in the population of bar workers and 17% in the normal-risk population (antenatal care attendees and blood donors). Within the normal-risk population the HIV-1 prevalence was lowest in the group of volunteer blood donors. The frequency of HIV-1 infection in women was 1.7 times.......
Published at: 2006-07-10
Riedner, Gabrielea; Hoffmann, Olivera,b; Rusizoka, Maryc; Mmbando, Donanc; Maboko, Leonardd; Grosskurth, Heinera,e; Todd, Jima; Hayes, Richarda; Hoelscher, Michaelb
Female sex workers and their male clients play important roles as core and bridging populations in the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV even in countries with generalized HIV epidemics.
Published at: 2006-02-28